Meridian Church of God Seventh Day
By COGwriter
There is a small seventh day Church of God that is headquartered in Meridian, Idaho.
Here is what its website lists for its church history:
Church History
The local Meridian church was founded in 1923 by Elder A.H. Stith, after he had been holding Bible studies in his home. The congregation met in a local school until a church was built in 1929.
The church continued to grow throughout the years and plans for a new church were started in the 1960s. In 1968 the work began in our existing church, which was first used for the Lord’s Supper Service in the spring of 1970.
During the 1990s, we also celebrated the 75th anniversary of the church and it continues to thrive with faith in God and our love for one another. http://www.meridianchurch.org/introduction/church-history/ accessed 06/25/20
Here is more on its history--which basically points to it as a group that had ties to the CG7 group that had been in Stanberry, Missouri:
"Back to Stanberry" Group
Perhaps the major departure from the Merger Group took place in 1950-51. At Meridian, Idaho the "Bible Church of God - Seventh Day" was formed by elements formerly of Stanberry that refused to go along with the Merger. In spirit, if not in name, they constituted a "Back to Stanberry" Group.
Philosophy of Local Autonomy
The 1948-49 Merger of the Salem and Stanberry groups "did not unite all of the Church of God. ...
Those who had not changed their ideas and still held to usage of pork were for the Merger, but against the Merger Constitution which was made a test of faith. A minister who believed pork was all right would not get credentialed by the Merger Group. Before the 1933 split, pork or no pork was not a test. As Clair W. Ahlborn states, issues like this were "handled in Christian love."35 Now it was being insisted upon. This almost guaranteed the failure of complete unification.
The Organization Issue
Salem had been organized with the "Bible numbers" of 12, 7 and 70. Stanberry was not so tightly organized. It had a committee of seven. The Merger Constitution was almost a carbon copy of the Old Salem articles, and carried over the tight organization with the 12-7-70. The "local autonomy" people did not support this type of organization.
Formation of Meridian Group
A.H. Stith and several other staunch pork eaters voted for the merger, because they were for unity, but their revulsion to the Merger Constitution led them to break away and in effect formulate a "Back to Stanberry" movement.
. . . several of the ministers and members of the former Stanberry General Conference could not accept the compromise in doctrine and practice that their church had made, forsaking the principles so dear to the members of God's Church. They had remained faithful to congregational government and other Biblical truths when the division came in 1933, they reasoned that now was not the time to forsake those same principles and truths.
A meeting at Meridian, Idaho was called during the summer of 1950 which resulted in the organizing of former Stanberry churches and members across the country that refused to go with the Merger.36 Originally called "Bible Church of God - Seventh Day," the name was changed about 1963 to "General Council of the Churches of God - Seventh Day." There was to be no "test of fellowship" for the group except "the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus."
Organizers of the Movement
A group of ministers from Idaho led the movement from the start. They published a paper, The Acts, and in the first issue, March 1, 1951, stated: "We believe firmly in unity among the Brethren. However, we are convinced that such unity cannot be achieved by a set of rules imposed upon the Brethren by a majority. This is not God's Way . . . we cannot expect to see eye to eye upon all things, for we have not all reached the same spiritual growth. This does not mean that God rejects us. He teaches us unity through tolerance and charity or Christian love . . . . Thus our motto is 'Unity through tolerance and Christian love,' . . . rather than unity through force."37
Clair W. Ahlborn, a former teacher at Spring Vale Academy in Owosso, Michigan and a native of Idaho, was first edit of The Acts. But he was not a real minister and not the leader of the movement. The first officers were:38
General Conference Officers
Mark Burnham, President, Meridian
Nettie Burnham, Secretary, Meridian
Arthur Estep, Vice President, Port Orchard, Washington
Edna Palmer, Treasurer, Kuna, Idaho
Committeemen
A.H. Stith, Meridian
Frank Williamson, Caldwell
James Kling, Nampa
Clair Ahlborn, Meridian
Luvelt Palmer, Kuna
The first camp meeting was held in late June of 1951 at Meridian. Attendance for the evening services ranged from 60 to 200, and there were 250 on the last Sabbath. Those preaching were Elders:39
Edgar Lippincott, Missouri
A.H. Stith, Idaho
M.W. Unzicker, Oregon
Arthur Estep, Washington
Boyd Dowers, Idaho
R.C. Glassford, California
Roy Davison, Idaho
Mark Burnham, Idaho
At the 1952 campmeeting, 144-200 were present. The elders present were:
Harry Ford, Marion
Jack Slankard, Charlie Salkeld, Iowa
Jack Slankard, Charlie Salkeld, Iowa
Lippincott, Unzicker, Estep, Stith, Ahlborn, Burnham, Idaho
Valencia, California
By July of 1952, the Church of God Publishing House, which today houses the press and college, was ready for use.40 Another paper, reporting church news, The Fellowship Herald, was established.
Beliefs of Meridian Group
The Acts (standing for: "Advocating Christ the Savior") magazine contained a brief statement of beliefs, which closed with the statement: "We believe the true church organization taught in the Bible is local autonomy and that the Bible name for the church is THE CHURCH OF GOD. That the test of Christian fellowship is the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus."41 Local autonomy and no test of fellowship appeared to be the big difference between Meridian and Denver-Stanberry.
The Meridians came out with the nearest thing to a statement of beliefs, a "Declaration of Things Most Commonly Believed among Us," which they stressed was not a test of fellowship.42
At first, most Meridians ate pork. Later, most of them changed their views to anti-pork. Not all their young men became conscientious objectors, but the church supported the convictions of those who did. "Pentecostalism" of the "spiritual" style rather than speaking in tongues was commonly adhered to. However, Billy Watts of Springfield, Oregon apparently went overboard on this and lost good graces with them.
Mark Burnham, pastor of the Meridian church, and son-in-law of Arvin H. Stith (deceased), said Christians should have "a real experience with the Lord." He said he is saved and that he was working with many young people who want a "born again" experience. Burnham ate pork, and probably got his ideas from his father-in-law Stith.
In 1971, Burnham reported that there were at least seventeen divisions of the Church of God which have come about since the initial split in 1933.43 Actually, there were many more.
Carl Palmer was minister of the Milwaukee, Oregon Church of God, in 1971 which was affiliated with Meridian. He said that there was speaking in tongues in his church, but it was not emphasized. About one third of the ministers spoke in tongues, and the movement had been growing lately. However, he did not do so.44 The Milwaukee church emphasized music.
British-Israelism at Meridian
Frank Walker quit the Merger Group in 1951 because he was against their kind of organization. In 1971, he taught at Meridian's Maranatha College.
Walker's "Anglo Israel" ideas have already been discussed. He estimated that 1/3 to 2/3 of the Meridian group leaned in this direction. Roy Davison (deceased), who worked in Idaho for some time, was a firm believer in Anglo-Israelism. Other believers besides Walker were Claude Ellis and the Palmers.
The Church of God has long taught that the Jews will be restored to their homeland, and Armageddon will be fought by the Jews and their allies against Russia (Gog) and its allies. The Two-Horned Beast is said to be the Holy Roman Empire, and Babylon the Catholic Church.
Walker and his father W.K. Walker may have gotten their Anglo-Israel ideas through G.G. Rupert, whom they met in 1913-1914. Walker admitted that he believed a lot like Herbert Armstrong on the Israel Identity question, but he differed in that he thinks the United States is Ephraim, the younger and greater nation. His 32-page pamphlet, "Hope of Israel," explained that the Ten Tribes were never amalgamated back with the Jews, but continued to exist as the Celtic and Teutonic peoples of Europe and America, and elsewhere. They will remain separate until they become one nation, when the two sticks are put together, Ezekiel 37. Joseph is not dead, but he cares for his brethren, (the 5 1/2 million Jews in the United States). Thus, according to Walker, the United States will defend the Jews at Armageddon against Russia, which will be a battle of Israelites versus Gentiles.
Walker was speaker of the Bible Sabbath Association's radio program, "Echoes from Eden," for eleven years, from 1960 to 1971.
Meridian Not The Only True Church
Both Palmer and Walker did not believe theirs is the "true church." Palmer noted that people in his church are baptized into Christ, not into the Church of God. The people in the true church have their names written in heaven, and no organization exists that one must belong to in order to be a true Christian. Walker, in referring to Armstrong's later development of a tight church government, said "Any people that claim to be the only people of God, I am against, because we are all God's children." Palmer worked with the Merger Group people, and had a very broad view of the Church of God.
Differences of opinion must certainly have been rife in the Meridian Group, owing to the nature of their organization. As Clair Ahlborn stated, doctrinal differences, such as pork, were handled the same way the church handled them before the division of 1933, "in Christian love."
Meridian Organization
The church government of the Meridian Group is highly congregational. Ministers serve "at the pleasure of the membership." Elders are elected by the local congregations, and the churches determine to what extent they would cooperate with the General Council program. ...
Maranatha College, founded in 1963-64, had 17 students in 1971. ...
Meridian, Idaho Group
The Meridian group continued to publish the Acts and Fellowship Herald magazines. The 1986 Directory states there were 26-30 affiliated congregations in North America and five in Latin America.
(Nickels R. History of the Seventh Day Church of God. Giving & Sharing, 1988, pp. 186-194, 215)
The following was its online Statement of Belief in June 2020:
1. THE SCRIPTURES
We believe that the Bible, both the 39 books of the Old Testament and the 27 books of the New Testament, is given by inspiration of God. We believe that the Holy Spirit inspired the thoughts of the writers with the results that the original documents were inerrant as to fact and infallible as to truth. We further believe that the Bible is the supreme standard by which all human conduct, creeds and opinions shall be tried. (II Timothy 3:16, 17; 11 Peter 1:20, 21; 1 Corinthians 10:11; Psalm 12:6, 7)
2. THE GODHEAD
We believe, as revealed in the Bible
a. In the one true God the Father who is the eternal and supreme Deity. He is infinite in His wisdom, love and power, the Creator and Sustainer of all things, “in whom we live, and move, and have our being.” (Genesis 1:1; Isaiah 40:28; Matthew 19:26; Jeremiah 23:23, 24; Romans 11:33; Acts 17:24-28)
b. And in Jesus Christ, our Lord and Savior, the only begotten Son of God, who came into the world to seek and to save that which was lost. We believe in His deity, in His virgin birth, in His sinless life, in His miracles, in His vicarious and atoning death on Calvary, in His bodily resurrection, in His ascension to the right hand of God in heaven, in His ministry as our High Priest and Mediator, in His personal return to the earth at the end of this age to establish His kingdom and rule this earth in great power and glory, judging the living and the dead. (I Timothy 3:16; John 3:16; Matthew 1:21-23)
c. And in the Holy Spirit, the promised Comforter, which is the agency of the Father and the Son to convince the world of sin, of righteousness and of judgment to come. By this same Spirit of God we are sanctified and sealed unto the day of redemption. For those who diligently seek the Spirit, it will lead and guide into all truth and empower the believer for witnessing and service. (John 14:16, 17, 26; 16:7-11; Ephesians 1:13, 14; Acts 2:38, 39)
3. CRUCIFIXION AND RESURRECTION OF CHRIST
We believe the Scriptures plainly teach that Jesus Christ was crucified and buried in the middle of the week, on the day we call Wednesday, and He was in the tomb three days and three nights. He arose towards the end of the Sabbath day (Saturday) and thus fulfilled the sign given by Jesus in Matthew 12:39-40.
4. MAN’S CONDITION
We believe man was created for immortality, but through sin he forfeited his divine birthright; that because of sin, death entered into the world and passed upon all men, and that only through faith in Jesus Christ can depraved man become “partakers of the divine nature,” and live forever. (I Corinthians 15:22; Genesis 3:22; Romans 3:23; 5:12; 11 Peter 1:4)
5. MAN’S SALVATION
We believe that man in his state of depravity cannot extricate himself and therefore God provided salvation free to all those who accept it on God’s condition that he repent before God, receive by faith the Lord Jesus Christ as his personal Savior, accept His precious blood as his payment for sin, and obey the command to be baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus and receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. At this time his sins are forgiven and he receives a full pardon from God. This is called justification. Now he isa new person in Christ. (John 3:16; 11 Corinthians 6:2; Acts 2:38; John 14:6; Romans 6:23; Acts 4:12; 11 Corinthians 5:17)
6. A HOLY LIFE AND SANCTIFICATION
We believe to know God’s will and become more like Him is a natural consequence of salvation. God is holy and requires that His children be holy and sanctified. Sanctification means a separation from worldly influences and consecration to God. This is attained through prayer, Bible study, church attendance and fellowship with other Christians. Sanctification happens as we grow in grace and knowledge, which commences at conversion and continues through one’s whole life. (Ephesians 4:12, 13; Hebrews 10:25; 11 Peter 2:20; I Peter 2:2, 9; Ephesians 6:18; 1 Thessalonians 5:17; Matthew 7:7; 26:41; I Peter 1:13-16; 11 Timothy 2:21; Colossians 1:9, 10)
7. STATE OF THE DEAD
We believe at death a person truly dies and his thoughts, feelings emotions perish. His body goes to the grave (sheol, hades) and his spirit (breath) returns to God who gave it. The Bible talks about this time that will seem but a moment as sleep, that will only be disrupted when Jesus returns, calling all from the grave who trusted in Him. (Ecclesiastes 9:5, 6; 12:7; Job 14:10-14; Daniel 12:2; 1 Corinthians 15:12-58; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-17; Psalm 146:4)
8. ETERNAL REWARDS
a. The Just: will receive eternal life at the return of Jesus bringing to pass the saying, “death is swallowed up in victory,” and, “this mortal must put on immortality.” The righteous will reign with Christ on earth and receive the reward He has prepared for them that love Him. (Revelation 5:10; 21:1-3; 1 Corinthians 15:53, 54; John 14:1-3; 11 Timothy 1:10)
b. The Unjust: will be “punished with everlasting destruction,” suffering the complete extinction of being. This is the second death. (Revelation 20:6, 12-15; 11 Thessalonians 1:9; Matthew 10:28; John 5:28-29)
9. THE CHURCH
We believe the church is of divine origin, established upon the foundation of the prophets and apostles with Jesus Christ being the chief cornerstone. This spiritual body includes all who have received forgiveness of their sins, through Christ, and placed themselves under His headship. This is the universal church.
Our local church is a necessary part of this body. The purpose of this local congregation is for people to meet together who have like goals and beliefs, who come together to worship and have fellowship, be built up in the faith, and be prepared to face the challenges of living a victorious Christian life in the home and marketplace. (Acts 2:21, 39, 47; John 3:16; Ephesians 1:19-23; 2:11-22; Galatians 3:28; Colossians 1:18; Acts 14:22, 23; Titus 1:5)
10. ORDINANCES OF THE CHURCH
We believe Christ has given certain ordinances He desires His entire body to observe. These are:
a. Water baptism by immersion. After repenting of and receiving forgiveness for sins, the new believer will want to be baptized. This is a statement, to all who witness it, that Jesus has been accepted as both Savior and Lord. Baptism also symbolizes dying to the old sinful life and an eagerness to walk in “newness of life” in the power of the Spirit. (Matthew 3:13-17; 28:19-21; Mark 16:16; Acts 2:36-38; Romans 6:3-5)
b. The Lord’s Supper. This service commemorates the suffering and death of our Lord Jesus Christ “till He comes” and is a memorial that should be observed yearly at the beginning of the 14th of Nisan (Abib) with unleavened bread and “fruit of the vine”, which represent the broken body and shed blood of Christ. It is also a loving symbol of Christian fellowship and a pledge of renewed allegiance to our risen Lord and Savior. (I Corinthians 11:23-26)
c. The observance of the act of washingthe saint’s feet. This service should be held in connection with the Lord’s Supper. Jesus said, “If I, then, your Lord and Master have washed your feet, ye also OUGHT to wash one another’s feet.” (John 13:1-17)
11. THE TEN COMMANDMENT LAW
We believe the Ten Commandments are eternal and portray for us what God is like so we can understand what is expected of us when He tells us to “be holy for I am holy.” Some people may view God negatively when they find out how God expects them to live, but each commandment is designed to protect us from an area of sin as well as guide us in right interpersonal relationships. When obeyed, the Ten Commandments give us direction for daily living, protection from the consequences of sin, and confidence to serve God wholeheartedly. (Exodus 20:3-17; 1 Corinthians 7:19; Deuteronomy 9:10; Romans 3:20; Matthew 5:17-19; James 2:8-12; 1 John 3:21-24)
12. THE SABBATH
We believe that the scriptural Sabbath is the seventh day of the week, commonly called Saturday, that it was not a day randomly picked out as a day on which to gather for worship, but rather, it was a day created by God at the culmination of His creation work, and He blessed it and set it apart for a holy purpose. God knew man needed rest, but more importantly, He understood his need for time to develop and maintain a strong relationship with Himself, the Creator. The Sabbath is to be observed from sunset on Friday until sunset on Saturday. (Genesis 2:1-3; Exodus 20:8-11; Luke 4:16; Matthew 24:20; Mark 2:27, 28; Acts 13:42-44; 16:13; 18:4; Hebrews 4:9; Leviticus 23:32)
13. PRAYER AND DIVINE HEALING
We believe prayer is the privilege and duty of every Christian, a drawing near to God, a spiritual communion for the purpose of adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication, intercession and direction. Prayer, anointed by the Spirit, is the most powerful force there is. It is limitless because the power of God is without limit. We believe in the “laying on of hands” by the elders for divine healing. We also believe God delights to see all of His people doing the “greater works”, praying the “prayer of faith” and seeing the miraculous hand of God move. We believe miracles are for us today just as they were in the early church. (Matthew 28:19-21; Mark 16:17; John 14:12, 13; 15:1-7, 16; James 5:14-16; Philippians 4:6; 1 Timothy 2:1, 8).
14. THE SECOND COMING OF CHRIST AND THE KINGDOM OF GOD
We believe that Jesus Christ, according to His promise, will come again to this earth, even “in like manner” as He went into heaven–personally, visibly and gloriously–to reign here on earth with His holy saints for a thousand years. This coming is the blessed hope of the church, inasmuch as upon that coming depend the resurrection of the dead and the reward of the righteous, the abolition of sin and its fruits, and the renewal of the earth now marred by sin, which will become the eternal home of the redeemed, after which event the earth will forever be free from sin and the curse of death. (Acts 1:11; 1 Thessalonians 4:16, 17; Revelation 22:12-20; Matthew 25:31, 32; I Corinthians 15:24-58; Acts 3:21; Revelation 19:11-16; Daniel 7:27; 11 Peter 3:13; Proverbs 10:30; Matthew 5:5)
15. SIGNS OF THE TIMES
We believe that Bible prophecy has indicated the approximate time or season of Christ’s return, comparing testimony with the signs of the times (such as the regathering of Israel, famines, earthquakes, wars and rumors of war, and “perilous times”) we are confident that He is near, “even at the doors.” We believe that the great duty of the hour is the proclamation of this soon-coming redemption, the defense of the Bible truth and authority warning the nations to flee the wrath to come and following the last command of our Savior to His disciples to preach (teach) this message to all of the world, and to remember His promise that He would be with us even till the end of the age. (II Peter 1:19-21; Matthew 24:27-46; Revelation 22:17; 11:18; 11 Timothy 3:1-7; Romans 15:4)
Other than what the above does not allude to at all, the fact that it does NOT list Matthew 24:14 as a proclamation priority means it is not focused on teaching the full gospel.
Notice what Jesus said in Matthew 24:14:
14 And this gospel of the kingdom will be preached in all the world as a witness to all the nations, and then the end will come. (Matthew 24:14)
Notice that according to Jesus, the end does NOT come until Matthew 24:14 is fulfilled. We in the CCOG have a booklet that covers this in English: The Gospel of the Kingdom of God and at the following website, in about 100 other languages: https://www.ccog.org
The Journal: News of the Churches of God dated March-April 2007 put out the following:
Idaho—The General Council of the Church of God 7th Day, based in Meridian, Idaho, has decided to develop a “systematic-theology project” to help with training of its ministry and “local eldership,” said Tom Roberts, seminary professor at the CG7’s Maranatha College and coordinator of the church’s ministry.
Dr. Roberts directs the project. The goal of the undertaking is to help the Church of God “better understand where its teachings fall within the larger context of theological history,” Dr. Roberts said. The project will involve scholars from “all corners of our Sabbatarian persuasion and to emphasize our common biblical heritage.” The scheduled date of publication is July 2008.
While I cooperated with Dr. Roberts back then, ultimately he left the COG and is more of a Greek Orthodox Catholic.
Notice the following from a group calling itself the Jerusalem 7th Day Church of God (bolding added):
The Jerusalem World Headquarters has representatives laboring in establishing this true faith in about every country of the world, where many congregations have been raised up, and many evangelists are laboring. Calls come in to Jerusalem World Headquarters for Jewish ministers, and they are being sent to different countries. ...
We believe they are all gathering fruit for the kingdom, and the foundation creed of all of these groups is the same, viz., Revelation 12:17, ―the commandments of Elohim and the testimonies of Yahshua (Christ).
One of these headquarters is Denver, Colorado; another, Meridian, Idaho, and some that make the sacred Hebrew names of the Father and the Son, a special part of their message (Proverbs 30:4; Psalm 68:4, and 91:14, also 69:35, 36, and Isaiah 52:6) are located at Junction City, Oregon, and Jackson Gap, Alabama, also The Faith of Holt, Michigan.
We believe these will all fall in line with the Holy Scriptures and publicly affirm that Jerusalem was chosen of the Father, and must be recognized as the World Headquarters by all of the remnant people holding to the New Testament name, and the true faith once delivered to the saints, as they are led further by the Holy Spirit. http://jsd-cog.org/a-brief-history/ 02/8/17
The Church in Denver does NOT consider that this Jerusalem-based group is part of them—and I confirmed this with the President of the Church of God Seventh Day (Denver) group, Loren Stacy, on December 21, 2017. Nor is the Jerusalem group part of the Meridian-referenced church (which I confirmed with their President Roger Boone on December 21, 2017). I also asked their pastor Jody Crowson about the Jerusalem group on June 30, 2020 and he said they were not part of them nor do they use sacred names (nor does CG7-D). Actually, the people I had spoken with at those churches had not ever even heard of the Jerusalem 7th Day Church of God until I brought that group up.
More on the the Jerusalem group can be found in the article: J7DCG: Jerusalem 7th Day Church of God.
Unclean Meats
In May of 2025, someone sent me an email with an attachment of an undated booklet titled WHY STRAIN AT A GNAT AND SWALLOW A CAMEL? Is The Unclean Law For Today? from the CG7 Meridian on its position on unclean meat consumption.
It starts out with:
The purpose of this work is to present a study of the "UNCLEAN LAW" and its relationship with mankind as found in the Bible. During the last two or three generations, especially among Sabbath-keepers, there has arisen a new school of thought. This school holds the view that the law which forbade the Israelites the use of certain meats is still valid, and should be observed today. We have endeavored herein to explain the other school of thought ...
The claim that it was only in the last two or three generations that Sabbath-keepers should not consume unclean meats is false.
Now notice something that happened in Jerusalem c. 135 A.D.
(71a) 'After him', his disciples (axhab) were with the Jews and the Children of Israel in the latter's synagogues and observed the prayers and the feasts of (the Jews) in the same place as the latter. (However) there was a disagreement between them and the Jews with regard to Christ.
The Romans (al-Rum) reigned over them. The Christians (used to) complain to the Romans about the Jews, showed them their own weakness and appealed to their pity. And the Romans did pity them. This (used) to happen frequently. And the Romans said to the Christians: "Between us and the Jews there is a pact which (obliges us) not to change their religious laws (adyan). But if you would abandon their laws and separate yourselves from them, praying as we do (while facing) the East, eating (the things) we eat, and regarding as permissible that which we consider as such, we should help you and make you powerful, and the Jews would find no way (to harm you). On the contrary, you would be more powerful than they."
The Christians answered:"We will do this."
(And the Romans) said: "Go, fetch your companions, and bring your Book (kitab)." (The Christians) went to their companions, informed them of (what had taken place) between them and the Romans and said to them: "Bring the Gospel (al-injil), and stand up so that we should go to them."
But these (companions) said to them: "You have done ill. We are not permitted (to let) the Romans pollute the Gospel. In giving a favourable answer to the Romans, you have accordingly departed from the religion. We are (therefore) no longer permitted to associate with you; on the contrary, we are obliged to declare that there is nothing in common between us and you;" and they prevented their (taking possession of) the Gospel or gaining access to it. In consequence a violent quarrel (broke out) between (the two groups). Those (mentioned in the first place) went back to the Romans and said to them: "Help us against these companions of ours before (helping us) against the Jews, and take away from them on our behalf our Book (kitab)." Thereupon (the companions of whom they had spoken) fled the country. And the Romans wrote concerning them to their governors in the districts of Mosul and in the Jazirat al-'Arab. Accordingly, a search was made for them; some (qawm) were caught and burned, others (qawm) were killed.
(As for) those who had given a favorable answer to the Romans they came together and took counsel as to how to replace the Gospel, seeing it was lost to them. (Thus) the opinion that a Gospel should be composed (yunshi`u) was established among them…a certain number of Gospels were written. (Pines S. The Jewish Christians of the Early Centuries of Christianity according to a New Source. Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Volume II, No.13; 1966. Jerusalem, pp. 14-15).
The above would seem to have taken place in the second century (which is consistent with Shlomo Pines' beliefs). It is interesting for a number of reasons. It shows that there were two group that professed Christ then. One improperly called "Christians" above, and the other (the faithful ones) called "companions." The fact that the companions, who were the ones who kept to keeping the Sabbath. would no longer associate with the compromisers, and had to flee, showed that in whatever area the above occurred in, there were definitely two groups.
So, understand that in order to be allowed back into Jerusalem after the Jewish Bar Kochba revolt (c. 135), Roman soldiers said that the professors of Christ needed to eat unclean animals like they did (Pines S. The Jewish Christians of the Early Centuries of Christianity according to a New Source. Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Volume II, No.13; 1966. Jerusalem, pp. 14-15). The compromisers who followed the lead of ‘Bishop Marcus’ of Jerusalem and did so in order to be able to live in Jerusalem. The faithful did not—they fled to places like Pella and Edessa (see Early Christianity in Edessa and the Church of the East) and did not eat unclean meat. The writings of the anti-Sabbath heretic Justin (Dialogue with Trypho, Chapters 10 & 20), though, seems to suggest he supported unclean meat consumption near the same time.
Now, here is something from the Sabbath-keeping Church of God leader Theophilus of Antioch perhaps written about 180 A.D.:
Consider, therefore, whether those who teach such things can possibly live indifferently, and be commingled in unlawful intercourse, or, most impious of all, eat human flesh, (Theophilus of Antioch. To Autolycus, Book III, Chapter XV. Translated by Marcus Dods, A.M. Excerpted from Ante-Nicene Fathers, Volume 2. Edited by Alexander Roberts & James Donaldson. American Edition, 1885. Online Edition)
So, true Christians did not believe that they could eat human flesh--human flesh was also unclean to eat.
In the third century, Sabbath-keeping Church of God leader Pionius of Smyrna refused to eat unclean meat.
In the fourth century, Emperor Constantine commanded that Christians in Jerusalem who would not eat pork were to be killed (Bagatti, Bellarmino. Translated by Eugene Hoade. The Church from the Circumcision. Nihil obstat: Marcus Adinolfi, 13 Maii 1970. Imprimi potest: Herminius Roncari, 14 Junii 1970. Imprimatur: +Albertus Gori, die 26 Junii 1970. Franciscan Printing Press, Jerusalem, 1971, pp. 13-14). These were Judeo-Christians, Sabbath-keepers.
Eating unclean animals was certainly not an original part of the Christian faith. Those who claim to believe the New Testament should consider the following:
3 Beloved, while I was very diligent to write to you concerning our common salvation, I found it necessary to write to you exhorting you to contend earnestly for the faith which was once for all delivered to the saints. 4 For certain men have crept in unnoticed, who long ago were marked out for this condemnation, ungodly men, who turn the grace of our God into lewdness and deny the only Lord God and our Lord Jesus Christ. (Jude 3-4)
Those called Nazarenes by 4th and 5th century Greco-Roman writers were Sabbath-keepers who avoided unclean meat. Here is a confirmatory report related to the Nazarenes:
Manichean Faustus, {in} the fourth century ... complained. "Such people practice circumcision, keep the Sabbath, then shun swine's meat and other things like that, all according to the Law. And yet they still claim to be Christians" (Frederickson P. When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. Yale University Press, 2018 p. 100)
Here is a report from the Lutheran historian Johann Moshein concerning a Sabbatarian group in the 12th century and two of their tenets:
the denomination of the Pasaginians ... The first was a notion, that the observance of the law of Moses, in everything except the offering of sacrifices, was obligatory upon Christians; in consequence of which they circumcised their followers, abstained from those meats, the use of which was prohibited under the Mosaic economy, and celebrated the Jewish sabbath. The second tenet that distinguished this sect was advanced in opposition to the doctrine of three persons in the divine nature. (Mosheim JL, Coote C, Gleig G. An Ecclesiastical History, Ancient and Modern: In which the Rise, Progress, and Variations of Church Power, are Considered in Their Connexion with the State of Learning and Philosophy, and the Political History of Europe During that Period, Volume 1. Translated by Archibald Maclaine. Plaskitt & Cugle, 1840 Original from Ohio State University, Digitized Aug 8, 2013, p. 333)
So, they kept the Sabbath, abstained from unclean meats, and were opposed to the trinitarian view. While not all the views that Mosheim had about the Pasaginians were Church of God views, apparently some called by that name were Church of God Christians.
In 1402, Sabbatarian John Seygno stated that swine were unclean to eat (Ball B. Seventh Day Men: Sabbatarians and Sabbatarianism in England and Wales, 1600-1800, 2nd edition. James Clark & Co., 2009, p.33).
Notice also:
About 1600, there was compiled ‘the old hymn-book of the Sabbatarians,’ ... They kept, of course, only the festivals enjoined in the Pentateuch ... But even the Mosaic laws they did not observe in their entirety, for they kept the dietary laws only up to a certain limit [probably ate meat and milk together] (Bacher W. The Sabbatarians of Hungary. The Jewish Quarterly Review, Volume 2. Macmillan, 1890, Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized Nov 10, 2008, p. 473)
John Traske kept something on Passover as the Days of Unleavened Bread, plus did not eat biblically unclean meat, according to the Roman Catholic priest Falconer while using 1618 English:
Iohn Traske ... By reading in Eusebius history lib. 1. cap. 22. how Saint Policarpe and other holy Bishops of Asia observed the Iewes time of keeping Easter, he and his disciples are lately therein resolued to imitate them. …
IOHN Traske seemeth falsely to suppose, and Maister Cra. his Aduersary as lightly to graunt, that a Sabaoth, or seauenth daie of rest from bodily labour was from the beginning of mans Creation … Christians are expressely forbidden to play the Iewes, and to be idle on the Sabaoth, and willed with all to obserue and prefer our Lords day be∣fore it ...
IOHN Traske ... the 14. of March-moone, wherin the Iewes were commaunded by God to celebrate their Passouer. And vpon his late reading in Eusebius lib 5. hist. cap. 22. Policrates epistle di∣rected to Victor Bishop of Rome concerning the Asian custome of keeping easter with the Iews, ... he will arrogantly presume to call Victor that holy Bishop & Mar∣tyr, famously mentioned in ancient histories, a proud Prelate, ... he hath ob∣serued the feast of Azimes, ... the ancient Bishop of Ephesus in a preposterous zeale of obseruing the yearly me∣mory of our Sauiours resurrection, as S. Policarpe and other great Saintes had done before him in those partes of Asia, wrote very ernestly in the defence of that Quartadeciman Custome. Whose authority hath, as it should seeme, much moued Iohn Traske ... IOHN Traske and his disciples hold the Legall difference of meates mentioned Leuit. 11. Deutron. 10. to be so morall in it selfe (Falconer J. A briefe refutation of Iohn Traskes iudaical and nouel fancyes Stiling himselfe Minister of Gods Word, imprisoned for the lawes eternall perfection, or God's lawes perfect eternity. English College Press, 1618, pp. 3,17,21,43,57-58,60 65)
So John Traske (an “i” was often used then for a “j” in the 17th century; the "u" above often should be a "v") kept the seventh-day Sabbath (and said it was established in the Book of Genesis), would not keep Sunday, kept Passover on the 14th, cited church history, kept the Days of Unleavened Bread (called "the feast of Azimes" above), cited the practices of Polycarp and Polycrates, and avoided eating biblically unclean animals. Those are Church of God doctrines. For Traske doing so, a Roman Catholic priest objected, referred to Passover as Easter, and called original Christian practices preposterous.
Church of God Sabbatarians in England, who also kept Passover on the 14th, taught against eating biblically unclean meats in the 17th and 18th centuries (Ball B. Seventh Day Men: Sabbatarians and Sabbatarianism in England and Wales, 1600-1800, 2nd edition. James Clark & Co., 2009, pp. 9-10,15,49).
In the 19th century to present, those of the Seventh-day Adventist church taught against unclean meat consumption.
In in the July 7, 1885 issue of the Advent and Sabbath Advocate, Jacob Brinkerhoff confirmed the wisdom of avoiding unclean meat.
In 1933, Church of God, Seventh Day formally denounced any who claimed that it was fine for Christians to eat unclean meat (Nickels R. History of the Seventh Day Church of God. Giving & Sharing, 1988, pp. 147-180)--it was NOT a new doctrine then--instead they brought this out because some wanted it changed to be allowed. In AN Dugger and C. Dodd's A History of the True Church, they also referred to a Sabbatarian group in the late fourth century that did not eat unclean meats as part of their true church when as they cited a work stating "And they observed their Sabbaths, and used distinction of their meats, clean and unclean."
In the 20th century, the Radio and then Worldwide Church of God kept the biblical Holy Days and avoided the consumption of unclean meats.
In the 21st century, we in the Continuing Church of God continue to keep the Sabbath, keep the biblical Holy Days, and avoid the consumption of unclean meats to this day.
Sabbatarians avoiding unclean meats has been the historical position of the faithful. The Meridian teaching is in flat out historical error.
Here another excerpt from WHY STRAIN AT A GNAT AND SWALLOW A CAMEL? Is The Unclean Law For Today?:
The reasons for this rather comprehensive examination are several; (p. 4)
Notice that the Meridian church is calling its examination of the unclean meat matter "comprehensive," yet it, for one example, ignored the historical realities of this doctrine.
Now its booklet does mention things related to sacrifices, and it is true that the New Testament shows that they were down away and no longer necessary in places like Hebrews 8-10. But that has nothing to do with Christians eating biblically unclean animals.
There is NOT ONE INSTANCE IN THE BIBLE WHERE A FOLLOWER OF GOD ATE UNCLEAN ANIMALS.
Here a another excerpt from WHY STRAIN AT A GNAT AND SWALLOW A CAMEL? Is The Unclean Law For Today?:
the unclean law was a type, applying only to the nation of Israel, and not a moral law for all men as the Ten Commandments. (p. 9)
That is consistent with what the allegorists of Alexander taught.
The following is from an early second century document falsely titled The Epistle of Barnabas (it is 'falsely' titled because the biblical Barnabas did not write it) and it is not accepted as scripture by Protestant, Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, or Church of God followers:
But in that Moses said, Thou shalt not eat the swine, nor the eagle, nor the hawk, nor the crow, nor any fish that hath not scales in itself, he had in his mind three doctrines. For in the end he saith unto them in Deuteronomy, And I will arrange before this people my ordinances. The commandment of God is not, therefore, that they should not eat; but Moses spake in a spiritual sense. He spake of the swine with this meaning: Thou shalt not cleave, he meaneth, unto men of this sort, who are like unto swine, for when they become wanton they forget their Lord, but when they are in want they think upon the Lord; even as the swine when it eateth knoweth not its lord, but when it is hungry it crieth, and when it hath received it is again silent (Apostolic Fathers, Epistle of Barnabas, 10:1-3, 1885 translation by Charles H. Hoole).
The above is certainly not in the Bible. God told Moses to write statements such as:
8 Also the swine is unclean for you, because it has cloven hooves, yet does not chew the cud; you shall not eat their flesh or touch their dead carcasses (Deuteronomy 14:8).
And while some may wish to speculate as to why God made such an ordinance, it is certainly wrong to conclude, as the so-called Epistle of Barnabas does, that God did not command that swine are not to be eaten.
It may be of interest to note that Alexandria appears to have been the original home of allegorists amongst those that professed Christ, as well as the home of various Gnostic and semi-gnostic leaders. Do Christians wish to base their faith on those who do not believe what the Bible says?
The booklet also mentions Peter's vision in Acts 10 (p. 9-10). However, Peter DID NOT CONCLUDE HE COULD EAT UNCLEAN MEAT AFTER THAT VISION. He concluded:
28 God has shown me that I should not call any man common or unclean. (Acts 10:28)
Let me add that the Meridian group claims unclean animals are food. Well, no where in the Bible are they referred to that way and NO EARLY CHRISTIAN THOUGHT THAT THEY WERE ALLOWED TO EAT THEM.
The Meridian booklet also went into detail about what it calls dispensations and why scriptures in Isaiah 66 are not supposed to count (pp. 13-20)--but early Christians did not accept those type of arguments. When biblical literalists read the following prophecy in the word of God, they do not want to be so condemned by God:
3 A people who provoke Me to anger continually to My face; Who sacrifice in gardens, And burn incense on altars of brick; 4 Who sit among the graves, And spend the night in the tombs; Who eat swine's flesh, And the broth of abominable things is in their vessels; (Isaiah 65:3-4)
3 "He who kills a bull is as if he slays a man; He who sacrifices a lamb, as if he breaks a dog's neck; He who offers a grain offering, as if he offers swine's blood; He who burns incense, as if he blesses an idol. Just as they have chosen their own ways, And their soul delights in their abominations, 4 So will I choose their delusions, And bring their fears on them; Because, when I called, no one answered, When I spoke they did not hear; But they did evil before My eyes, And chose that in which I do not delight." (Isaiah 66:3-4)
17 "Those who sanctify themselves and purify themselves, To go to the gardens After an idol in the midst, Eating swine's flesh and the abomination and the mouse, Shall be consumed together," says the Lord. (Isaiah 66:17)
While many foolishly think any Sabbatarian Church of God group is acceptable, that is not the case as Meridian's position on unclean meat consumption is unbiblical and is NOT how faithful Christians have understood throughout history.
Related to this, the Continuing Church of God put together the following video on our Bible News Prophecy YouTube channel with historical references and scriptures:
14:41
Here is a link to our video: Unclean Meat and True Christianity.
In the 21st century, like our spiritual ancestors, we in the Continuing Church of God have continued to keep the Sabbath, we avoid the consumption of unclean meats, and we contend earnestly for the faith once for all delivered to the saints as the New Testament instructs us to do per Jude 3.
As far as when and how Greco-Roman Catholics, Protestants, and others who do not accept the original faith adopted unclean animal consumption, check out the article: The New Testament Church, History, and Unclean Meats.
Holy Days
On October 6, 2021, I received the following in an email:
Greetings;
Sheryl from the staff at the General Council of Churches of God, 7th Day, brought your page to light for the Board members to look at. Thank you!
I loaned the Herbert Armstrong autobiography out, to never see it again, as I was taking the 'Teachings of the Worldwide COG' courses. ...
Our group doesn't teach Holy Days, but one part of Herbert's book I recall is a scriptural reference to the word 'forever' regarding the Holy Days! ...
Sincerely,
Donald A. Syvanen
Board, COG7, Meridian
Other Doctrines
In a telephone conversation on June 30, 2020, Meridian pastor Jody Crowson confirmed that the Meridian group does teach annihilation, allows for people to keep the Holy Days if they with (but officially they do not), and allows people to eat pork (though he said he does not and most do not).
Regarding alcohol, Jody Crowson says that although they are officially opposed to alcohol, he realizes that various passages of scripture do allow for the consumption of alcohol. But their basic view is that those who do not consume alcohol do not become drunk, so that is better.
He admitted that it made sense that Jesus would have used wine for His last Passover (which they observe with grape juice as the Last Supper). We in the Continuing Church of God follow Jesus' instructions and do consume a small amount of wine (not grape juice) for the Passover ceremony.
When asked about "church periods" (A.N. Dugger's term) or "church eras" (a term commonly used by groups once part of the old Worldwide Church of God, Jody Crowson said he was not familiar with the Meridian group teaching that.
So, the Meridian group is similar to some of the others that had some type of connection to the old Stanberry group. But does not hold to many teachings that groups whose leaders had ties to the old Worldwide Church of God do.
End Note Although it has been reported that "The doctrinal differences among the Churches of God are minuscule. You can't get a knifes edge between us on doctrines" (Dart, Ron. CEM Founder Talks About Bickering, Bridges, the Future. The Journal. July 31, 1999. p.6), this author does not believe that one can examine the teachings of groups, such as the Meridian, and come to that conclusion. Here is a related article of possible interest: What is a True Philadelphian?
Thiel B. Meridian Church of God Seventh Day. COGWriter (c) 2020 2021 2025 0511 https://www.cogwriter.com/mcgsd.htm
Back to home page